| C-side modification | N-terminal modification |
| Amidation, C-termainal | Acetylation |
| pNA（p-Nitroanilide） | Formylation |
| AMC | Fatty acid |
| D-type amino acids | HYNIC |
| D-Ala,D-Arg,D-Asn,D-Asp,D-Cys,D-Gln,D-Glu, | DTPA |
| D-His,D-Hyp,D-Ile,D-Lys,D-Met,D-Nal,D-Nle, | Myristic acid |
| D-Nva,D-Orn,D-Pen,D-Pro,D-Ser,D-Thr,D-Trp, | Palmytolyl |
| D-Tyr,D-Ser, | Suc（Succinylation） |
| Glycosylation | N-methylated amino acids |
| D-GalNAC-glycosylated-Tyrosine | N-Me-Arg,N-Me-Asp,N-Me-Glu,N-Me-Leu, |
| D-GalNAC-glycosylated- Serine | N-Me-Nle,N-Me-Nva,N-Me-Phe,N-Me-Ser, |
| D-GalNAC-glycosylated- Threonine | N-Me-Thr,N-Me-Trp，N-Me-Val |
| Fluorescence modification | Special amino acids and special structures |
| FITC (isothiocyanate) at the N-terminus or on the side chain of the C-terminal K | β-Ala,Cit,Dab,Dap,Homocit,Homophe,Hyp,Nal, |
| FAM is at the N-terminal or on the side chain of the C-terminal K | Nle,Nva,Orn,,Pen,Phg,,Sar |
| Dansyl chlorde at the N-terminal or on the side chain of the C-terminal K | Asn(GlcNac(Ac)3-β-D),Lys(palmitoyl) |
| Mca at the N-side or on the side chain of the C-terminal K | allo-Ile,allo-Thr, |
| Biotin at the N-terminus or on the side chain of the C-terminal K | Ser(Ac),Lys(Ac)，Tyr (3-NO2)，Tyr(SO3H2) |
| （Edans）on Glu | Side chain methylation |
| （Dabcyl，Dnp，）on Lys | Arg(For),Lys(For),Lys(Me)2,Lys(Me)3,D-Tyr(Me), |
| Phosphorylation | D-Tyr(Et) |
| Phosphorylation-Tyrosine | Isotope [15N] tag |
| Phosphorylation-Serine | [15N]Gly,[15N]Leu,[15N]Phe,[15N]Tyr,[15N]Val, |
| Phosphorylation-Threonine |
|
| Biotin modification（Biotin） | Protein carrier coupling |
| Form a cyclic peptide | KLH（Keyholelimpetlleiiiocyanin） |
| Cyclization modification (N-terminal and C-terminal tail ring, Lys and Asp or Glu cyclization) | BSA（Bovine serum albunin） |
| Cyclization modification (a disulfide bond) | OVA(ovalbumin) |
| Cyclization modification (two disulfide bonds) | Complex antigen peptide（MAPs） |
| Cyclization modification (three disulfide bonds) | Asymmetric 4 branches |
| Asymmetric 8 branches |
| Symmetric 4 branches |
| Symmetric 8 branches |